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ASTR 555 – S15, S19

PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS

When: Spring Semester 2019, TR – 9:25 am – 10:40 am

Where: HBH 254

Instructor: Dr. Andrea Isella, Hermann Brown Rm 354, Phone: X5491

Text: Protostar and Planet VI

Grading: Based on class presentations and participation

 

Course Description

This course will discuss the major areas of active research within the field of star and planet formation.
Every six/seven years the international community holds a “Protostars and Planets” meeting.
The latest, PP-VI (the sith), was held in Heidelberg (Germany) on July 2013.
Each group presenting an invited talk also writes a detailed review of about 20 pages
on the subfield, so the PP books are a great resource for everyone in the area.

For ASTR 555, students will choose subject areas to give presentations to the class.
Review articles are drawn from Protostar and Planet VI and more recent literature. Each presentation will between 30 and 45 minutes, including questions, and should not be limited strictly to what is in the review. Each presentation should (1) draw a broad picture of the research field related to the selected chapter, (2) highlight the two/three main results of the chapter, and (3) discuss the current challenges and future prospects.

Learning Outcomes

The objective of the course is to provide an updated view of the scientific research within the fields of stellar formation, which spans from the study of the large scale structure of molecular clouds to the characterization of protostars, of planet formation, which comprises the study of proto-planetary disks, as well as of the processes responsible for the assembly of planets, and of exo-planetary science, which consists in the discovery and characterization of planets outside the Solar system.

The student learning outcomes of this course encompass a variety of knowledge and skills that apply scientific reasoning to an understanding of the universe, the bodies of which it is comprised, and the means by which we gather and interpret the information that lead to this understanding. At the end of the course, the students will have acquired an in depth understanding of the observational and theoretical challenges involved in the study of star and planet formation. Furthermore, they will have acquired the capability of read, understand, synthesize, and present long and (sometime) complex scientific papers.

Required Texts and Materials

All the required material is available on line in pdf format. Paper copies will be provided upon request.

The PP-VI book is available for purchase (not required). Recordings of the presentations and slides delivered at the PP-VI meeting are also available on line. Students’ presentations might use figures from the on-line material (i.e., slides and movies) but they should substantially differ from the presentation delivered at PP-VI.

Exams and Papers

Each student will do a presentation every three weeks for a total of about 5 presentations per student. The exact number and schedule of the presentations will be decided during the first week of classes and will depend on the course attendance. Each presentation will last between 30 and 45 minutes, including questions. Each presentation should (1) draw a broad picture of the research field related to the selected chapter, (2) highlight the two/three main results of the chapter, and (3) discuss the current challenges and future prospects.

Students that are not presenting should read the
review article before they come to class and be ready to ask questions and participate into the discussion.

Grade Policies

Students grade will be based on the quality of the presentations and on the participation to the discussion. The presentations will be graded based on the level of understanding of the material and on the capability of presenting it to the class. At the end of each presentation, each student in class will be asked to provide a short anonymous written review commenting on the quality and clarity of the presentation. These reviews will be used to establish a numerical score ranging between 0 to 100. The reviews will be collated and delivered to the speaker.

Student presentations will be reviewed based on the following criteria:

  • Understanding of the scientific material
  • Clarity of the presentation
  • Quality of the slides

Absence Policies

Students that are unable to attend a class should send me an email as early as possible. If the student in charge of presenting is not able to attend a class, his presentation will be rescheduled for the following class.

Rice Honor Code

In this course, all students will be held to the standards of the Rice Honor Code, a code that you pledged to honor when you matriculated at this institution. If you are unfamiliar with the details of this code and how it is administered, you should consult the Honor System Handbook at http://honor.rice.edu/honor-system-handbook/. This handbook outlines the University’s expectations for the integrity of your academic work, the procedures for resolving alleged violations of those expectations, and the rights and responsibilities of students and faculty members throughout the process.

Students’ presentations might use figures from on-line material (i.e., slides and movies) but they should avoid to reproduce entire slides form the presentations delivered at PP-VI.

Disability Support Services

If you have a documented disability or other condition that may affect academic performance you should: 1) make sure this documentation is on file with Disability Support Services (Allen Center, Room 111 / adarice@rice.edu / x5841) to determine the accommodations you need; and 2) talk with me to discuss your accommodation needs.

Syllabus Change Policy

This syllabus is only a guide for the course and is subject to change with advanced notice.

 

LIST OF PPVI CHAPTERS 

Molecular Clouds and Star Formation

1. Formation of molecular clouds and global conditions for star formation — [movie][slides][chapter] — C. Dobbs +
2. From filamentary networks to dense cores in molecular clouds: toward a new paradigm for star formation [movie][slides][chapter] — P. André +
3. The origin and universality of the initial mass function — [movie][slides][chapter] — S. Offner +
4. The star formation rate of molecular clouds — [movie][slides][chapter] — P. Padoan +
5. The link between magnetic fields and cloud/star formation — [movie][chapter] — H.-B. Li +
6. The Milky Way as a star formation engine — [movie][slides][chapter] — S. Molinari +
7. Massive star formation — [movie][slides][chapter] — J. Tan +
8. The earliest stages of star and planet formation: core collapse, and the formation of disks and outflows — [movie][slides][chapter] — Z.-Y. Li +
9. The evolution of protostars: insights from ten years of infrared surveys with SPITZER and HERSCHEL — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Dunham, A. Stutz +
10. Ages of young stars — [movie][slides][chapter] — D. Soderblom +
11. Star cluster formation and feedback — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Krumholz +
12. Multiplicity in Early Stellar Evolution — [movie][slides][chapter] — B. Reipurth +
13. The formation and early evolution of young massive clusters — [movie][slides][chapter] — S. Longmore +

Disk Formation and Evolution

14. Physical and chemical structure of planet-forming disks probed by millimeter observations and modelling — [movie][slides][chapter] — A. Dutrey +
15. Dust evolution in protoplanetary disk — [movie][slides][chapter] — L. Testi+
16. Volatiles in protoplanetary disks — [movie][slides][chapter] — K. Pontoppidan +
17. Water: from clouds to planets — [movie][slides][chapter] — E. van Dishoeck +
18. Episodic accretion in young stars — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Audard +
19. Transport and accretion in planet-forming disks — [movie][slides][chapter] — N. Turner +
20. Angular momentum evolution of young low-mass stars and brown dwarfs: observations and theory — [movie][slides][chapter] — J. Bouvier +
21. Jets and outflows from star to cloud: observations confront theory — [movie][slides][chapter] — A. Frank +
22. The dispersal of protoplanetary discs — [movie][slides][chapter] — R. Alexander +
23. An observational perspective of transitional disks around T Tauri stars — [movie][slides][chapter] — C. Espaillat +
24. Observations, Modeling and Theory of Debris Discs — [movie][slides][chapter] — B. Matthews +

Planetary Systems: Search, Formation and Evolution

25. The multifaceted planetesimal formation process — [movie][slides][chapter] — A. Johansen +
26. Early thermal evolution of planetesimals and its impact on processing and dating of meteoritic material — [movie][slides][chapter] — H.-P. Gail +
27. Terrestrial planet formation at home and abroad — [movie][slides][chapter] — S. Raymond +
28. Formation of brown dwarfs vs giant planets: confronting theory with observations — [movie][slides][chapter] — G. Chabrier +
29. Giant planet formation, evolution, and internal structure — [movie][slides][chapter] — R. Helled +
30. Planet-disc interactions and early evolution of planetary systems — [movie][slides][chapter] – C. Baruteau +
31. Planet population synthesis — [movie][slides][chapter] — W. Benz +
32. New exoplanetary systems — [movie][chapter] — D. Fischer +
33. Exoplanetary atmospheres — [movie][slides][chapter] — N. Madhusudhan +
34. Planetary internal structures — [movie][slides][chapter] — I. Baraffe +
35. The long-term dynamical evolution of planetary systems — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Davies +
36. Samples of the solar systrem: Recent developments — [movie][chapter] —  A. Davis +

Astrophysical Conditions for Life

37. Deuterium fractionation: the ariadne thread from the pre-collapse phase to meteorites and comets today— [movie][slides][chapter] — C. Ceccarelli +
38. Astrophysical conditions for planetary habitability — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Güdel +

 

Relevant review papers published after PPVI:

1. Origins of Hot Jupiters, R. I. Dawson & J. A. Johnson, ARAA, 2018

2. Debris Disks: Structure, Composition and Variability, A. M. Hughes et al., ARAA, 2018

3. How to Characterize Habitable Worlds and Signs of Life, L. Kaltenegger., ARAA, 2017

4. Accretion onto Pre-Main-Sequence Stars, L. Hartmann et al., ARAA, 2016

5. Gravitational Instabilities in Circumstellar Disks, K. Kratter & G. Lodato, ARAA, 2016

6. Protostellar Outflows, J. Bally, ARAA, 2016

7. The Occurrence and Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems, J. N. Winn & D. C. Fabrycky, ARAA, 2016

8. The search for signs of line on exoplanets at the interface of chemistry and planetary science, S. Seager & W. Bains, Science Advances, 2015

9. Observations of Solids in Protoplanetary Disks, S. M. Andrews, PASP, 2015

 

SCHEDULE

 

Date  Title  Speaker

Tu, Jan 8 Organizational meeting    
Th, Jan 10 Formation of molecular clouds and global conditions for star formation — [movie][slides][chapter] — C. Dobbs + Isella
Tu, Jan 14-15 CLEVER  Planet meeting   

Th, Jan 17 Ages of young stars — [movie][slides][chapter] — D. Soderblom + Flag
Tu, Jan 22 From filamentary networks to dense cores in molecular clouds: toward a new paradigm for star formation [movie][slides][chapter]— P. André + Hummel
Th, Jan 24 The evolution of protostars: insights from ten years of infrared surveys with SPITZER and HERSCHEL — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Dunham, A. Stutz + Holcomb
Tu, Jan 29 The formation and early evolution of young massive clusters — [movie][slides][chapter] — S. Longmore+ Stahl
Th, Jan 31 Dust evolution in protoplanetary disk — [movie][slides][chapter] — L. Testi+ Ling
Tu, Feb 5 Volatiles in protoplanetary disks — [movie][slides][chapter] — K. Pontoppidan +
Transport and accretion in planet-forming disks — [movie][slides][chapter] — N. Turner +
Chen
Huang

Th, Feb 7 SPRING RECESS  
Tu, Feb 12 Solar system formation
Water: from clouds to planets — [movie][slides][chapter] — E. van Dishoeck +
 Flag
Hummel
Th, Feb 14 Physical and chemical structure of planet-forming disks probed by millimeter observations and modelling — [movie][slides][chapter] — A. Dutrey + Holcomb
Tu, Feb 19 The multifaceted planetesimal formation process — [movie][slides][chapter] — A. Johansen +
An observational perspective of transitional disks around T Tauri stars — [movie][slides][chapter] — C. Espaillat+
 Ling
Stahl

Th, Feb 21 Accretion onto Pre-Main-Sequence Stars, L. Hartmann et al., ARAA, 2016  Flag
Tu, Feb 26 New exoplanetary systems — [movie][chapter] — D. Fischer +  Holcomb
Th, Feb 28 Giant planet formation, evolution, and internal structure — [movie][slides][chapter] — R. Helled +  Stahl
Tu, Mar 5 Terrestrial planet formation at home and abroad — [movie][slides][chapter] — S. Raymond +  Ling
Th, Mar 7 Formation of brown dwarfs vs giant planets: confronting theory with observations — [movie][slides][chapter] — G. Chabrier +  Humell

Tu, Mar 12  SPRING BREAK  
Th, Mar 14  SPRING BREAK  
Tu, Mar 19 Exoplanetary atmospheres — [movie][slides][chapter] — N. Madhusudhan +
Planetary internal structures — [movie][slides][chapter] — I. Baraffe +
Flag / Hummel
Th, Mar 21 Origins of Hot Jupiters, R. I. Dawson & J. A. Johnson, ARAA, 2018
Astrophysical conditions for planetary habitability — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Güdel +
 Stahl / Holcomb
Tu, Mar 26 The long-term dynamical evolution of planetary systems — [movie][slides][chapter] — M. Davies +  Ling
Th, Mar 28 Samples of the solar system: Recent developments  Chen

Tu, Apr 2 Origin of the non-carbonaceous-carbonaceous meteorite dichotomy Grewal
Th, Apr 4 The search for signs of line on exoplanets at the interface of chemistry and planetary science, S. Seager & W. Bains, Science Advances, 2015  Hummel
Tu, Apr 9 Plant Migration (Paardekooper et al 2018, Nelson et al. 2018)  Stahl
Th, Apr 11 SETI   Holocomb
Tu, Apr 16 Magnetic field of planets  Ling
Th, Apr 18 Life in the Solar System  Flag

 

Links about how to give talks:

  1. Suggestion for Giving Talks, by Robert Geroch
  2. How to Make Sure Your Talk Doesn’t Suck, by David Tong

Useful links:

Protostar and Planets VI – online talks
Protostar and Planets VI – online chapters